南方大果紫檀等珍贵树种寒害调查

2008年持续大范围低温天气,对我国南方森林植物带来灾难性伤害,灾后不久,对大果紫檀等珍贵树种的抗寒性进行调查.结果表明:当年或2年生紫檀属幼林对比黄檀和檀香属幼林,抗寒性较差,2.5℃的低温已明显受害,这一温度是其受害的阀值,也是本地区引种的主要限制因子.而檀香受害温度的下限是-1℃,降香黄檀能耐短暂-3℃低温,白木香能耐短期霜冻.苗木品质和树龄一定程度上影响其抗寒性.     

紫胶丰产优质的肥药试验

对以３年生南岭黄檀为寄主的紫胶虫的幼虫期和成虫期进行喷施肥药试验。结果表明：适时合理的喷施、管理能提高紫胶的一、二级比例和放收比;幼虫期管理的最佳组合为紫胶虫固定后１０ｄ对寄主树根部每株施尿素２００ｇ、过磷酸钙５００ｇ,对固虫过多的细枝进行抹虫,并对树冠喷２．５％的稀土液;成虫期管理的最佳组合是紫胶虫涌散前６０ｄ施尿素２００ｇ／株,在树冠上喷１％Ｋ２ＰＯ４和４０×１０－６赤霉酸。     

施氮及不同根系分隔模式对尾巨桉和降香黄檀幼苗叶片氮含量及光合生理特性的影响

以尾巨桉与降香黄檀幼苗作为盆栽试验材料，设置2种不同根系分隔模式:塑料膜隔（SB）与不隔(NB)，不同施N水平:对照组(CK)、3 g·盆^-1(N₁)、6 g·盆^-1(N₂)，研究尾巨桉与降香黄檀间作模式下对光合生理特性和叶N含量的影响，测定植物叶片的净光合速率P_n、气孔导度G_s、胞间CO₂浓度C_i、蒸腾速率T_r、叶N含量N_leaf、光合N素利用率（PNUE）。结果表明，施N能显著提高尾巨桉与降香黄檀的光合生理特性；根系不分隔处理提高了尾巨桉光合生理特性，但对降香黄檀有抑制作用。尾巨桉在NB-N₂处理下P_n显著高于(10.99%) SB-N₂处理，降香黄檀在SB-N₂处理下P_n显著高于(8.74%) NB-N₂处理。尾巨桉与降香黄檀的叶氮含量与其光合生理特性间存在极显著关系，尾巨桉与降香黄檀N_leaf分别与G_s、T_r、P_n之间存在极强正相关性，N_leaf与C_i之间存在极强负相关性。桉树引入固N树种混交，可有效提高其光合作用效率，是提高其生产力的主要措施。     

东非黑黄檀引种栽培及其应用前景

介绍东非黑黄檀的形态及生物学特性、原产地的分布状况、世界各地引种栽培及其在医药、木材利用等方面的传统用途以及产业化开发现状，旨在为东非黑黄檀在我国的引种、栽培提供参考。     

钝叶黄檀异地保存林种群结构特征研究

[目的]研究钝叶黄檀异地保存林种群结构特征及生长情况。[方法]采用标准地调查及种群大小结构分析法,对钝叶黄檀异地保存林种群结构特征、生长情况进行研究。[结果]钝叶黄檀异地保存林种群处于稳定增长的状态,能够切实有效地保存所收集的种质资源。根据生长表现来进行初步筛选,镇沅种源、双江种源的种质材料在生长表现上优于云县种源和龙陵种源。在株高、地径结构分布上,4个种源的分布趋势相一致。[结论]为进一步从分子生物学机制上研究钝叶黄檀种质资源基因差异奠定基础,并为该种群的保护及其他植物的保存提供理论基础与科学依据。     

降香黄檀及其可持续发展对策探讨

降香黄檀为世界名贵木材,因过度采伐,资源已濒临枯绝,必须重视降香黄檀的保护和培育。介绍降香黄檀的生态学生物学特性、分布、生长特性、木材性质与利用等方面情况,并针对我国降香黄檀发展中存在的主要问题,提出资源保护、引种、珍贵用材林基地的营建技术与政策支持等方面建议。     

13种海南入侵植物提取物对降香黄檀炭疽病菌的抑制作用

本文研究了13种海南入侵植物不同溶剂提取物对降香黄檀炭疽病菌的生物活性,以筛选出具有较好抑菌活性的植物提取物。结果表明:10种植物对炭疽病菌有一定的抑菌效果,其中效果最好的提取物为垂序商陆乙酸乙酯提取物,EC50为3.413mg/mL,其次是胜红蓟乙酸乙酯提取物以及飞机草乙醇提取物,EC50分别为5.849、21.984mg/mL。3种植物提取物都可以导致炭疽病菌菌丝畸形,高浓度垂序商陆与胜红蓟提取物甚至可以导致细胞壁破裂。垂序商陆提取物的MIC为5.0mg/mL,MBC为10mg/mL;胜红蓟提取物的MIC为7.5mg/mL,而MBC大于12.5mg/mL。     

三种植物生长调节剂对降香黄檀种子发芽的影响

采用三种植物生长调节剂GA3、IBA和6-BA不同浓度按正交设计方法,搭配处理组合,对降香黄檀种子进行处理,通过对种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数指标的测定,研究不同浓度的植物生长调节剂对珍贵用材树种降香黄檀种子萌发的影响。结果表明：3种植物生长调节剂浸种对降香黄檀种子萌发以6-BA的促进效果较好,GA3次之,而IBA对降香黄檀种子的发芽促进作用不明显,以处理组合6-BA50mg/L6h为最优,显著提高种子的萌发率。     

正交设计法优选降香挥发油的提取条件

[目的]优化降香挥发油的提取条件。[方法]采用水蒸气蒸馏法,以挥发油得率为指标,采用正交试验法考察溶剂用量、提取时间、药材粒度对挥发油收率的影响。[结果]优化的降香挥发油提取工艺为：用药材细粉加8倍量的水,提取7 h。[结论]该试验得出的提取条件下,降香挥发油提取率高、稳定性好,适合工业生产。     

Clonal propagation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dalbergia sissoo</Emphasis> Roxb. and associated metabolic changes during adventitious root primordium development

A study was conducted on the twelve clones of shisham (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.). These clones were obtained from India and Nepal. Single-node leafy cuttings were prepared from the vegetative multiplication garden to examine the clonal variation, effect of IBA treatment on rooting response and associated metabolic changes during adventitious root formation. A remarkable and significant variation was observed due to treatment of 2,000 ppm IBA in the rooting parameters. Clonal variations were also significant for root and shoot growth while length of root was insignificant. Among the twelve clones studied; C3 (Tulsipur, Gonda, Uttar Pradesh, India) and C4 (Laxmipur, Gonda, Uttar Pradesh, India) clone cuttings have given the highest rooting response. Interaction (clone × IBA) was significant only for production of number of roots per cutting. Periodic sampling for clone C3 was performed at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days to examine the contents of total soluble sugars, starch, protein and peroxidase (PER) activity in the rooting zone of cuttings (∼0.5 cm) during adventitious root primordium development. A significant increase in all the metabolic activities was noted due to IBA. Total soluble sugars and starch contents of cuttings decreased with the passage of time. Protein content and PER-activity started to increase in the early stage and reached the highest level on day 21, followed by a decline at the 35th day of sampling. These trends were common for both IBA treated and untreated cuttings. Protein content and PER-activity remained higher in the rooting zone of IBA treated cuttings. Overall these findings suggested that exogenous application of IBA may have activated carbohydrate metabolism for release of energy, while protein and PER-activity were necessary for cell division and differentiation during adventitious root primordium initiation and development in the rooting zone of cuttings.